Pleural Disease

Pneumothorax, Prolonged Air Leak, & Bronchopleural Fistula

Explores chest tube selection, suction strategies, blood patching, valves/spigots, fistula closure options, and postoperative/ventilated patient nuances.

Pneumothorax algorithms • PAL management • Bronchoscopic closureReading time · 29mWord count · 4,115

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Exam mapping & scope

This chapter covers recognition and management of pneumothorax (primary, secondary, iatrogenic, traumatic), persistent/prolonged air leaks (PAL), alveolar‑pleural fistula (APF), and bronchopleural fistula (BPF). It emphasizes guideline‑concordant triage, procedural steps (needle aspiration, chest drains, ambulatory systems), bronchoscopic therapies (valves, spigots, sealants, stents, occluders), surgical options, and complication prevention. Domains: pleural disease, interventional pulmonology (diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy), peri‑procedural management.

Focus this round

  • Chest tube strategy
  • Valve selection
  • Weaning pathways

Interactive chapter

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